Book Review: What It Means to Be Protestant: The Case for an Always-Reforming Church by Gavin Ortlund
In an era marked by both a resurgence of interest in historical theology and a growing fluidity in denominational identity, Gavin Ortlund's What It Means to Be Protestant: The Case for an Always-Reforming Church arrives as a timely and much-needed articulation of Protestant distinctives. Ortlund, a pastor and theologian known for his irenic yet robust defense of Reformed theology, offers not just a historical overview but a compelling argument for the enduring relevance and necessity of the Protestant project in the 21st century.
The central thesis of Ortlund's work is encapsulated in the subtitle: "The Case for an Always-Reforming Church." He argues that Protestantism, at its best, is not a static tradition but a dynamic movement characterized by a commitment to continuous reformation according to the Word of God. This concept, semper reformanda, is presented not as a license for endless innovation but as a faithful adherence to the foundational principles of the Reformation—Scripture alone, Christ alone, grace alone, faith alone, and glory to God alone—which necessitate ongoing self-correction and alignment with biblical truth. Ortlund engages with common misconceptions about Protestantism, addresses criticisms from both within and outside the tradition, and seeks to clarify what truly defines Protestant identity in a way that is both historically informed and pastorally sensitive.
Ortlund's writing style is a significant strength of the book.
He possesses a remarkable ability to navigate complex theological concepts with clarity and precision, making them accessible to both academic and lay readers. His tone is balanced and charitable, even when addressing points of disagreement with other traditions (particularly Roman Catholicism, which he engages respectfully but firmly). He avoids polemics, opting instead for careful argumentation and a winsome presentation of his case. The book is well-structured, logically progressing through the historical roots of Protestantism, its core tenets, common challenges, and its ongoing mission.
One of the most valuable aspects of What It Means to Be Protestant is Ortlund's nuanced approach to Protestant unity and diversity. He acknowledges the historical divisions within Protestantism but argues that these do not negate a fundamental, shared identity rooted in the Reformation's core principles. He champions a "mere Protestantism" that emphasizes the essential truths that bind Protestants together, while also recognizing and appreciating the legitimate variations in expression and practice. This perspective is particularly helpful in fostering greater understanding and cooperation among different Protestant denominations.
While the book is largely successful in its aims, some readers might desire a deeper engagement with the socio-political implications of Protestantism, or perhaps a more extensive discussion of its global manifestations beyond its Western origins. However, given the book's specific focus on the theological and ecclesiological "meaning" of Protestantism, these are minor points.
In conclusion, What It Means to Be Protestant: The Case for an Always-Reforming Church is an outstanding contribution to contemporary theological literature. Gavin Ortlund has delivered a thoughtful, articulate, and compelling defense of Protestantism's enduring value. It is an essential read for Protestants seeking a deeper understanding of their heritage, for those from other traditions curious about Protestant identity, and for anyone interested in the ongoing conversation about the nature of the Church in the modern world. This book serves as both an affirmation and a call to faithful, continuous reformation.
